From a technical point of view, throttle response can be measured by how fast your engine can build vacuum in its intake manifold, via throttle pressure. The faster and higher peak vacuum is reached in the intake manifold, the higher the pressure differential will be between outside air, and your engine. This pressure differential forces the air to flow from the area of high pressure (outside air) to the area of low pressure (the engine and cylinders), and the higher the pressure difference, the greater the pressure force, and the faster the air flow into the engine.
This is essentially how throttle response works. To improve throttle response several engine alterations can be used to achieve a higher peak vacuum in the engine or a faster change in vacuum per throttle input… some of these include:
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